Medical Condition - Pressure Ulcers, Bed Sores, Decubitus Ulcers

Medical Description - Pressure Ulcers, Bed Sores

Pressure ulcers, also known as bed sores, decubitus ulcers, pressure sores and pressure wounds, occur when the skin breaks down due to constant pressure, especially from sitting or lying in one position for any extended period of time. The pressure cuts off the blood supply to the underlying skin, fat and muscle. These sores usually occur over bony prominences of the tailbone, buttock, heel, shoulder blade, elbow, and occasionally the back of the head. However, pressure ulcers are not limited to these areas and can occur on other places as well. Sores may also develop from friction to the skin. This is called shear and may result from sliding across a bed or wheelchair seat. Because the skin is much more likely to break down if it is moist or infected, incontinence of bowel or bladder can add to the problem. Pressure wounds or bedsores can be painful and slow to heal.

Some groups of people are at greater risk from pressure ulcers than others.

• Immobility for any reason contributes to the risk of pressure sores, therefore the elderly, wheelchair users and patients who are bed-ridden are most at risk.
• People living with incontinence, especially women, may also develop pressure ulcers as prolonged exposure to moisture can cause breakdown of skin tissue.
• Many other conditions such as diabetes and arterial disease can also increase the risk of pressure ulcers as the supply of blood and oxygen to body tissue may be restricted.

Those at higher risk of pressure ulcers should keep as active and mobile as possible, taking some form of exercise every day. It is advisable to take part in exercise that uses a range of motions.

4 Stages of a Pressure Ulcer

Stage I - A reddened area on the skin that, when pressed, is "non-blanchable" (does not turn white). This indicates that a pressure ulcer is starting to develop.

Stage I

Stage II - A continuation of pressure leads to Stage two were skin cells begin to die, this can manifest as blisters, open sores and/or a blue brose like wound.

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Stage II

Stage III- In Stage three, the skin begins to peel and looks like a red abrasion wound. The skin is becoming necrotic.

Stage III

Stage IV- Stage four is when the secretions of the necrotic skin eats into the flesh creating a cavity. The pressure ulcer can become so deep that there is damage to the muscle, bone, tendons and joint.

Stage IV

Medical Symptoms of Bed Sores and Pressure Ulcers

Pressure ulcers start with the first couple of symptoms listed. A sore can quickly develop more of the symptoms.

• Dry skin
• Lack of skin nourishment
• Redness and irritation
• Inflammation
• Blisters
• Possible blue brose like wound
• Infections
• Skin and flesh decay
• Pain
• Fever
• Purulent discharge

Medical Treatment and Relief Solutions for Pressure Wounds

Prevention is the most important factor to prevent pressure ulcers from occurring:

• The patient should be turned at least every two hours so pressure build-up in one area does not occur
• Keep the skin clean and dry
• Keep bed linens free from wrinkles
• Alternating pressure mattresses and cushions are available
• Use a skin treatment system such as CleaDerma DCB to promote healing and prevent further damage for Stage 1-3 pressure ulcers.
• Do not rub the affected area as this may cause further tissue damage.

Treatment for pressure ulcers:

• Pressure ulcers can be very dangerous and can become infected quickly. If the sore has become infected and for stage 4 ulcers, further treatment by a Nurse or Doctor may be required. This will be specific to the grade, type and location of the ulcer and may be accompanied by irrigation of the wound. Products such as Duoderm and Granuflex are good hydrocolloid dressings.
• Use a skin treatment system such as CleaDerma DCB to promote healing and prevent further damage for Stage 1-3 pressure ulcers.
• Remove necrotic tissue (debridement) to decrease bacterial growth risks. Debridement methods include: autolytic, biological, chemical, mechanical, sharp, surgical and ultra-sound. Talk to your doctor about which method would be best for you.
• A nutritious and balanced diet and plenty of fluids are needed so the body can repair damaged tissue.
• Surgery to close a Stage 4 and some Stage 3 pressure ulcers might be necessary.

Recommended Products for Pressure Ulcers and Sores

CleaDerma DCB - Helps the skin acquire the necessary moisture and nourishment it lacks due to applied pressure and disruption of blood circulation. All natural ingredients enhance the skins ability to renew skin cells and restore elasticity. The skin can then better defend itself against pressure ulcer development, as well as restore and heal itself from ulcers in stages 1 to 3.

VIDEO: Dr. Alla Blumin - Diabetic Ulcer Treatment with CleaDerma DCB

Dr. Alla Blumin demonstrates how CleaDerma DCB is successfully healing a long-term diabetic ulcer. Warning: the ulcer is shown and how the doctor applies the ointment. Before and after images are shown. To start the video, click on the lower-left triangle in the video box.

CleaDerma DCB for the prevention and healing of pressure ulcers, bed sores, decubitus ulcers, pressure sores and pressure wounds in stages 1-3.